Cardiovascular drugs effects on cartilage, synovium, and subchondral bone

Cardiovascular Drugs Market
Cardiovascular Drugs Market

Any substance that affects the function of the heart and blood arteries is referred to as a cardiovascular drug. The cardiovascular system is one of the most commonly used systems in medicine. Hypertension (high blood pressure), angina pectoris (chest pain caused by insufficient blood flow through the coronary arteries to the heart muscle), heart failure (inadequate output of the heart muscle in comparison to the needs of the rest of the body), and arrhythmias are all conditions in which such drugs may be beneficial.

Drugs have three primary effects on the heart's function. They can impact the force with which the heart muscle contracts (inotropic effects), the frequency with which the heart beats (chronotropic effects), or the regularity with which the heart beats (regularity effects) (rhythmic effects).

The purpose of this study is to address the potential effects of currently used cardiovascular drugs on cartilage, synovium, and subchondral bone, with an emphasis on mechanisms of action on ion channels in joint cells, pain control, inflammatory modulation, and probable repercussions for OA progression. Drugs used to treat cardiovascular disease may have an indirect effect on the synovial joint, influencing chondrocyte function, which can be beneficial or harmful. As a result, it's critical to see if any cardiovascular drugs may be tweaked to treat specific OA characteristics in people with cardiovascular disease. We summarised current information on the two chronic diseases, cardiovascular and OA, as well as their origins, causes, and interrelationships at the molecular level, medication use, and pharmacological therapy in this review. We also looked at the mechanisms of action of ion channel modifying cardiovascular medications and how they can affect cartilage ECM turnover, subchondral bone remodelling, and the progression of OA. Understanding the complicated action of cardiovascular medicines may aid in the resolution of critical therapeutic concerns, such as how to avoid their side effects and whether pharmacological cardiovascular treatment is advantageous for patients with metabolic OA.

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