Various Lab Techniques and Enzymes are used to manipulate Recombinant DNA
Recombinant DNA Technology Market |
When a genetically altered vector is introduced and
integrated into the genome of an organism (host), the phenotypic of the
organism (host) is changed. Essentially, this procedure entails inserting a
foreign DNA structure into the genome that contains our gene of interest. The
recombinant gene is introduced, and the procedure is referred to as recombinant
DNA technology.
What is Recombinant
DNA Technology?
Recombinant DNA Technology is a method for creating
artificial DNA by combining genetic resources (DNA) from various sources.
Genetic engineering is the term for recombinant DNA technology. In 1968, Swiss microbiologist
Werner Arber discovered restriction enzymes, which paved the way for recombinant
DNA technology. It's not as simple as it sounds to get the desired gene
into the host's genome. It entails choosing the appropriate gene for
administration into the host, as well as the ideal vector into which the gene
must be integrated and recombinant DNA produced. As a result, the recombinant
DNA must be injected into the host. Finally, it must be preserved in the host and
passed down to the children.
Restriction enzymes aid in cutting, polymerases aid in
synthesising, and ligases aid in binding. In recombinant
DNA technology, restriction enzymes play an important role in selecting
where the desired gene is inserted into the vector genome. Endonucleases and
Exonucleases are the two types of enzymes.
Exonucleases remove the nucleotides off the ends of the
strands, whereas Endonucleases cut within the DNA strand. Restriction
endonucleases are sequence-specific enzymes that cut DNA at specified
locations, notably palindrome sequences. They examine the length of DNA and cut
it at a specific location known as the restriction site. This results in the
sequence having sticky ends. The complimentary sticky notes are obtained by
cutting the desired genes and vectors with the same restriction enzymes,
enabling the work of the ligases to bind the desired gene to the vector much
easier.
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