Various Lab Techniques and Enzymes are used to manipulate Recombinant DNA

 

Recombinant DNA Technology Market 

When a genetically altered vector is introduced and integrated into the genome of an organism (host), the phenotypic of the organism (host) is changed. Essentially, this procedure entails inserting a foreign DNA structure into the genome that contains our gene of interest. The recombinant gene is introduced, and the procedure is referred to as recombinant DNA technology.

 

What is Recombinant DNA Technology?

Recombinant DNA Technology is a method for creating artificial DNA by combining genetic resources (DNA) from various sources. Genetic engineering is the term for recombinant DNA technology. In 1968, Swiss microbiologist Werner Arber discovered restriction enzymes, which paved the way for recombinant DNA technology. It's not as simple as it sounds to get the desired gene into the host's genome. It entails choosing the appropriate gene for administration into the host, as well as the ideal vector into which the gene must be integrated and recombinant DNA produced. As a result, the recombinant DNA must be injected into the host. Finally, it must be preserved in the host and passed down to the children.

Restriction enzymes aid in cutting, polymerases aid in synthesising, and ligases aid in binding. In recombinant DNA technology, restriction enzymes play an important role in selecting where the desired gene is inserted into the vector genome. Endonucleases and Exonucleases are the two types of enzymes.

Exonucleases remove the nucleotides off the ends of the strands, whereas Endonucleases cut within the DNA strand. Restriction endonucleases are sequence-specific enzymes that cut DNA at specified locations, notably palindrome sequences. They examine the length of DNA and cut it at a specific location known as the restriction site. This results in the sequence having sticky ends. The complimentary sticky notes are obtained by cutting the desired genes and vectors with the same restriction enzymes, enabling the work of the ligases to bind the desired gene to the vector much easier.