What is Propylene oxide? What are the uses of it?
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Propylene Oxide Market |
Polyethers (the major component of polyurethane foams) and
propylene glycol are both made with propylene oxide. Propylene oxide has caused
eye and respiratory tract irritation in humans and animals after acute
(short-term) exposure. Even with weak concentrations, dermal contact has
produced skin irritation and necrosis in people. In humans, propylene oxide is
a mild central nervous system (CNS) depressant. In animals chronically
(long-term) exposed to propylene oxide by inhalation, inflammatory lesions of
the nasal cavity, trachea, and lungs, as well as neurological consequences,
have been seen. In mice, propylene oxide has been shown to generate tumours at
or around the site of administration, with forestomach tumours following gavage
(experimentally placing the chemical in the stomach) and nasal tumours
following inhaling exposure. Propylene oxide is designated as a Group B2
probable human carcinogen by the EPA.
According to Coherent
Market Insights the Propylene
Oxide Market Global Industry Insights, Trends, Outlook, and Opportunity
Analysis, 2018-2026.
Uses
Propylene oxide is primarily used to make polyethers (the
main component of polyurethane foams) and propylene glycol.
Propylene oxide is also employed in the production of
dipropylene glycol and glycol ethers, herbicides, solvents, and lubricants,
surfactants, and oil demulsifiers, as well as in the fumigation of foods and
plastic medical items.
Sources and Potential
Exposure
Occupational exposure to propylene oxide via inhalation and
cutaneous routes may be significant in the production, storage, transportation,
and use of the chemical. Occupational exposures, on the other hand, are
generally thought to be less than 1 part per million (ppm).
Propylene oxide is projected to be released into the
atmosphere largely during its manufacturing or use as an intermediate, as well
as as a fumigant and soil sterilant. Inhaling contaminated air in these regions
could be a major source of exposure. At a distance of more than 20 km from
manufacturing facilities, however, average air concentrations are expected to
be less than 10 ppm.
Food products that have been fumigated have been shown to
contain propylene oxide; consuming contaminated food is another possible route
of exposure.
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