Free space optics communication is widely used in satellite communication

Free space optics communication is a type of telecommunications and computer networking technology that utilizes light propagating in "free space." In this context, "free space" means air, outer space, a vacuum, or something similar. Solid optical fiber cable is one example of free-space optical communication. This kind of cable can be used to transmit data at extremely high speeds. To transmit data, the light must travel through an unobstructed path.

The basic principle behind Free-Space Optics (FSO) is that the data must be transmitted above the earth's atmosphere. The atmospheric conditions create the biggest challenge for FSO, but many drawbacks can be overcome by correct wireless network planning and redundancy systems. Nonetheless, it is still important to keep these in mind.

According to the "Coherent Market Insights" Global Industry Insights, Trends, Outlook, and Opportunity Analysis of Free Space Optics Communication Market.

Free Space Optics Communication Market
Free Space Optics Communication Market


An optical fiber connects the two heads, and the resulting light beam carries information. The transmission window of an FSO laser is characterized by the wavelength and the atmosphere's absorption coefficient.

The range of free space optics communication wireless network is typically between one hundred and two kilometers. The distance between two units directly impacts the signal strength. The shorter the distance between the two units, the higher the performance. Typical applications of FSO include satellite communication and telecommunications backhaul. Despite its inherent drawbacks, the benefits of this technology are undeniable. The main benefit of this technology is its low latency and high-bit-rate. Moreover, FSO provides enhanced security and reliability.

One of the major drawbacks of FSO is that it cannot be used in turbid environments. A single beam in a FSO system will not transmit a signal at all, which can be disrupted by physical obstructions. Another major drawback of this technology is its sensitivity to atmospheric conditions. But fortunately, these issues can be easily mitigated with the proper planning and redundancy systems.

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