What Is Continuous Glucose Monitoring and How Does It Work?

Continuous Glucose Monitoring systems reduce the number of finger stick tests required to control Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Glucose levels are monitored 24 hours a day by a sensor placed just beneath the skin. Results are sent to a wearable gadget or a cell phone through a transmitter.

To understand how a Continuous Glucose Monitoring system works, you must first learn about the sensor, transmitter, and receiver, which are the three essential components.

Continuous Glucose Monitoring Market


Sensor: The sensor is a very tiny wire or filament that is put under your skin with the help of a needle. Depending on the manufacturer's recommendations, a sensor is usually placed on your belly, back of your arm, or other body parts. A sticky backing, similar to that of a band aid, normally adheres the sensor to your skin in order to keep it in place. The sensor's role is to detect glucose in the interstitial fluid, which is the fluid between the cells, using enzymes similar to those found in a glucose test strip. Sensors can be left in place for several days, however this depends on the manufacturer's specifications. When it's time to replace the sensor, the receiver or app that works with the system will usually notify you.

Transmitter: Between the sensor and the receiver, the transmitter serves as a go-between. It is attached to the top of the sensor's insertion region. It can then wirelessly transmit information to the receiver through radio waves. Some transmitters can be recharged, while others do not need to be recharged and must be changed every few months.

Receiver/Monitor: The receiver's/job monitor's is to receive and display information from the sensor. It contains a screen that displays your current glucose levels as well as previous readings. The receiver can also send you alerts if your glucose levels are too high or low, provide you status messages, and show you trend data to help you understand how much your glucose level is rising or falling over time. Some current Continuous Glucose Monitoring have Bluetooth capabilities, allowing them to transfer readings to a smart device such as your smartphone or tablet. Graphing, trends, and the ability to share glucose data with family or caretakers are among the extra features available in CGM-compatible apps.

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