Brief About the types of Phlebotomy Tubes

Yellow Top Tube

Yellow top tube contains sodium polyanethol sulfonate and is used for blood culture specimens or acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD solution A or ACD Solution B). The same tubes are used for HLA phenotyping and for conducting parental tests.

 

Phlebotomy Tubes Market

Light Blue Top Tube

Tubes with light blue stoppers/shields contain two additives: sodium citrate (3.2% or 3.8%) and CTAD (Citrate, theophylline, adenosine, dipyridamole). As an anticoagulant, citrate binds the calcium in blood that is needed for clotting. Since the additive still results in a whole blood sample — plasma and red blood cells, the coagulation tubes also contain buffered tri-sodium citrate solution. The amount of citrate concentration depends on a laboratory’s policies.

 

According to the "Coherent Market Insights" Global Industry Insights, Trends, Outlook, and Opportunity Analysis of Phlebotomy Tubes Market.

 

Red Top Tube

Tubes with red-colored stoppers are used for serology and immunohematology. Glass tubes don’t contain additives, but those made of plastic have clot activators. Plastic tubes need to be inverted to mix the blood with the coagulant. It usually takes 30 minutes for clotting to occur. Serology is done to check infectious mononucleosis, rheumatoid arthritis, syphilis, rubella titer, strep testing, pregnancy test, cold agglutinins, haptoglobin and C-reactive protein.

 

Green Top Tube

Phlebotomy tubes with green top contain sodium herapin, lithium herapin and ammonium herapin, all of which are coated in the inside of the tube. The herapin anticoagulant activates antithrombins that block the coagulation cascade and produce a plasma sample or whole blood. The same tubes are used for clinical chemistry and STAT chemistry tests.

 

Purple or Lavender Top

Tubes with purple or lavender-colored stoppers contain EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) additive that binds calcium ions, effectively blocking coagulation cascade. Clinical laboratories use these to test for whole blood.

 

Gray Top Tube

Gray-colored stoppers indicate that the tubes can contain potassium oxalate and sodium fluoride, sodium fluoride, and sodium fluoride/Na2 EDTA. These are often used for laboratory procedures where glycolytic inhibition of specimen is needed. Although red top tube can be used for a similar procedure, gray top tubes are preferred when there is a delay in having the glucose level tested. For adequate mixing of blood and additive, the tube must be inverted 4 to 5 times after specimen is collected.

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